Examples of Compounds

Molecular Compounds

Butyl butanoate (C8H16O2)

Ethyl acetate (C4H8O2)

Ethyl formate (C3H6O2)

Isopropyl acetate (C5H10O2)

Isobutyl acetate (C6H12O2)

Permanganic acid (HMnO4)

Arsenic acid (H3AsO4)

Arsenous acid (H3AsO3)

Hypochlorous acid (HClO)

Perchloric acid (HClO4)

Inorganic Compounds

Aqueous Acids

Ternary Acids

Ternary acids contain three elements, associated with that 1 is actually hydrogen, 1 is actually oxygen, and additionally the third element is a non-metal. one example will be sulfuric acid (H2SO4), that contains hydrogen, sulfur (non-metal), along with oxygen. more examples associated with ternary aqueous acids are usually provided below.

Examples

AldehydesAn organic compound that will contains any formyl group, can be known as an aldehyde. The Actual presence of a carbonyl middle that's connected to a new hydrogen atom on one side, as well as an R- group around the other, is what defines an aldehyde. Your carbonyl center is a carbon atom which is linked to an oxygen atom by simply double covalent bonds. The Particular general formula regarding aldehydes will be R-CHO, where -CHO may always be the formyl group. Organic compounds that have two aldehyde groups tend to be known as dialdehydes. An illustration of a dialdehyde will be glyoxal.

Examples

Ternary Ionic Compounds

Ionic compounds which contain three elements, that consist of no much less than one metal then one non-metal, are generally referred in order to as ternary ionic compounds. one example of this sort of compound can be calcium carbonate (CaCO3), which usually has 1 calcium ion (metal), 1 carbon ion (non-metal), as well as three oxygen ions. Much More examples associated with ternary ionic compounds tend to be given below.

Examples

Methanamide (CH3NO)

Ethanamide (C2H5NO)

Propanamide (C3H7NO)

Pentanamide (C5H9NO )

Benzamide (C7H7NO)

Examples

Nitriles:Any organic compound which has a -C?N useful group, is a nitrile. Your term cyano can be employed like a substituent prefix regarding nitriles. The Particular general chemical system for nitriles is RC?N. Inorganic compounds that will hold the -C?N team are usually referred to as cyanides. Nitriles tend to be synthesized through hydrocarbons, cyanide salts, organic halides, amides, along with oximes. The Particular nomenclature regarding nitriles is actually on the basis of the variety of carbon atoms inside the longest carbon chain, which includes your carbon atom with the -C?N group. Examples involving easy nitriles are generally ethanenitrile, propanenitrile, as well as butanenitrile. Provided here are a couple of examples involving nitriles.

Examples

Examples

Propyne (C3H4)

Butyne (C4H6)

4-methyl-2-pentyne (C6H10)

4-methyl-1-pentyne (C6H10)

1-pentyne (C5H8)

Acetyl chloride (C2H3ClO)

Benzoyl chloride (C7H5ClO)

Propanoyl chloride (C3H5ClO)

Butanoyl chloride (C4H7ClO)

2-Methylpropanoyl chloride (C4H7ClO)

Octene (C8H16)

Cyclopentene (C5H8)

Cyclohexene (C6H10)

2-Methylpropene (C4H8)

2-Methyl-2-hexene (C7H14)

Examples

Acid ChloridesAcid chlorides tend to be organic compounds that include the actual useful group -CO-Cl inside their structure. That They are derived from carboxylic acids. The Actual general system pertaining to acid chlorides can be RCOCl. the simplest acid chloride can be acetyl chloride (CH3COCl). Similarly, carboxylic acids can additionally react to form acid halides (bromides, iodides, etc). Acid chlorides are also called acyl chlorides, and are highly reactive. they are employed in the synthesis involving acid anhydrides, esters, and amides.

Examples

Propene (C3H6)

Butene (C4H8)

Pentene (C5H10)

Hexen e (C6H12)

Heptene (C7H14)

Methanol (CH4O)

Ethanol (C2H6O)

Propanol (C3H8O)

Butanol (C4H10O)

Pentanol (C5H12O)

Hexanol (C6H14O)

These are generally compounds with a useful team which has nitrogen atoms in it, which includes amines, amides, and nitriles.

Amines

Amines are organic compounds that are derivatives associated with ammonia (NH3), in which the actual hydrogen atoms involving ammonia are already replaced simply by alkyl or perhaps aryl groups. Amines may be identified from the existence of the nitrogen atom using a lone couple of electrons. Amines which have an aromatic ring attached to the nitrogen atom are usually called aromatic amines, whilst other people are called aliphatic amines. Most amines are more basic, when compared to ammonia. Amines may be categorized straight into 3 classes, and they are as follows:

Primary Amines



In primary amines, one of the three hydrogen at oms inside ammonia, is replaced through an alkyl or even aryl group. Thus, primary amines can be aliphatic as well as aromatic. the general chemical system regarding primary amines will be RNH2, and so they tend to be named as "alkylamine". Examples involving aliphatic main amines tend to be methylamine, ethylamine, along with propylamine, whilst a great instance of aromatic primary amines is phenylamine (aniline).

Silver Hydroxide (AgOH)

Silver Nitrate (AgNO3)

Beryllium Sulfate (BeSO4)

Cesium Hydroxide (CsOH)

Magnesium Sulfate (MgSO4)

Aryl GroupAryl refers to a substituent or even useful team that's derived from an aromatic ring. It will be represented by Ar. the simplest aryl team will become the phenyl team (C6H5), which could be obtained by simply getting rid of one hydrogen atom in the benzene (C6H6) ring.

Similarly, we can derive aryl groups coming from naphthalene, thiophene, durene, xylene, toluene, etc. The Particular na mes in the aryl teams derived via toluene as well as xylene, are generally provided below.

There are many functional teams which include one or even much more oxygen atoms. given below is a list of such practical groups, together with examples involving compounds below each.

Hydroxyl Group

The hydroxyl group is actually a practical group that will consists of your hydrogen atom as well as an oxygen atom, linked with every other by way of a covalent bond. the anion (OH-) is the hydroxide anion, where the particular negative cost resides about the oxygen atom. Your hydroxyl radical (HO) will become the neutral form in the hydroxyl group. in organic chemistry, the particular hydroxyl group is the defining useful group throughout alcohols. the general method pertaining to acyclic alcohols is CnH2n+1OH.

Now, allow us to have a look at some examples involving organic compounds with the hydroxyl group.

Retinaldehyde (C20H28O)

TopRight

Cinn amaldehyde (C9H8O)

Furan-2-carbaldehyde as well as furfural (C5H4O2)

Ethanedial or perhaps glyoxal (C2H2O2)

Propanedial as well as malondialdehyde (C3H4O2)

Dodecanoic acid as well as lauric acid (C12H24O2)

Octadecanoic acid or even stearic acid (C18H36O2)

Hexadecanoic acid or palmitic acid (C16H32O2)

Benzoic acid (C7H6O2)

Toluic acid (C8H8O2)

Fluoroacetyl chloride (C2H2ClFO)

Acryloyl chloride (C3H3ClO)

Adipoyl chloride (C6H8Cl2O2)

Anisoyl chloride (C8H7ClO2)

Oxalyl dichloride (C2O2Cl2)

Carboxylic AcidsCarboxylic acids tend to be organic compounds with no less than 1 carboxyl group. The Actual carboxyl group consists of a carbonyl group (RR'C=O), plus a hydroxyl group (R-O-H). The idea can be represented as -COOH. the general system pertaining to carboxylic acids is R-COOH. They are one of the most typically occurring acids within organic chemistry. However, carboxylic acid s are generally weak acids together with strong odors.

The simplest member of this team can be methanoic acid, which is in addition called formic acid.

AlkynesAlkynes are generally hydrocarbons getting at least one C?C triple bond. Your simplest alkyne is ethyne, by which a couple of carbon atoms tend to be linked with a triple covalent bond. Alkynes are usually probably the particular most reactive hydrocarbons. Your general formula regarding alkynes is CnH2n-2, although the same regarding cyclic alkynes can be CnH2n-4.

Examples

Propane (C3H8)

Butane (C4H10)

Pentane (C5H12)

Hexane (C6H14)

Cyclohexane (C6H12)

Ethyl team (C2H5) coming from ethane (C2H6)

Propyl team (C3H7) coming from Propane (C3H8)

Butyl group (C4H9) via Butane (C4H10)

Pentyl team (C5H11) through Pentane (C5H12)

Hexyl team (C6H13) coming from Hexane (C6H14)

Hydrocarbons tend to be further classified in to alka nes, alkenes, alkynes, and also aromatic hydrocarbons. Allow us notice examples involving each.

Alkanes

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons getting single bonds between each pair of carbon atoms. The Actual simplest alkane is actually methane, where one carbon atom will be linked along with four atoms associated with hydrogen. Ethane comes next, and has a pair of carbon atoms associated with one another by simply single covalent bonds. Alkanes are generally the least reactive hydrocarbons. the representation regarding alkanes can be demonstrated alongside. the general system regarding alkanes is CnH2n+2, whilst the identical regarding cyclic alkanes will be CnH2n.

Examples

Organic Compounds Containing Oxygen

N-methylethanamide (C3H7NO)

N-phenylethanamide (C8H9NO)

N-phenylbenzamide (C13H11NO)

N,N-dimethylethanamide (C4H9NO)

N,N-dimethylbenzamide (C9H11NO)

Nitric acid (HNO3)

Phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
< br>Boric acid (H3BO3)

Carbonic acid (H2CO3)

Nitrous acid (HNO2)

Propylamine (C3H9N)

Butylamine (C4H11N)

Pentylamine (C5H13N)

Phenylamine or aniline (C6H7N)

Dimethylamine (C2H7N)

Organic compounds are complex compounds regarding carbon by which 1 or much more atoms involving carbon are covalently connected to atoms involving various other elements, for example hydrogen, nitrogen, and also oxygen. Hydrocarbons are generally organic compounds which are constructed of carbon along with hydrogen atoms only. Whenever useful teams tend to be attached to one as well as more carbon atoms with the hydrocarbon chain, then your chemical properties change. Organic compounds tend to be classified about the basis in the practical group attached to the carbon atoms.

Hydrocarbons

2-Phenylhexane (C12H18)

Durene (C10H14)

1,3,5-trimethylbenzene (C9H12)

m-Xylene (C8H10)

Ethylbenzene (C8H10)

Boron trifluoride (BF3)

Carbon tetrabromide (CBr4)

Disulfur diiodide (SI)

Phosphorous trihydride (PH3)

Silicon dioxide (SiO2)

The term aqueous is used for the answer of a substance throughout water. Thus, aqueous acids are acids throughout remedy using water. These kind of acids are usually either binary acids as well as ternary acids. Let's have a take a peek at the actual examples associated with each.

Binary Acids



Binary acids include two elements, regarding which usually 1 can be hydrogen, as well as another one can become a non-metal. 1 illustration can be hydrochloric acid (HCl), which contains one hydrogen atom then one chlorine atom (non-metal). Much More examples involving binary aqueous acids are usually given below.

These had been a few examples involving compounds in chemistry. You will find millions of chemical compounds out there and also hence, it is a hard to enlist just about all of them here. However, nearly all of the actual compounds mentioned above, have wide programs in numerous areas.



Diethylamine (C4H11N)

Methylpropylamine (C4H11N)

Diphenylamine (C12H11N)

Trimethylamine (C3H9N)

Triphenylamine (C18H15N)

Compounds Containing Nitrogen

Hydroarsenic acid (H3As)

Hydrocarbonic acid (H4C)

Hydrosiliconic acid (H4Si)

Hydronitric acid (H3N)

Hydrophosphoric acid (H3P)

Diphenyl methanone (C13H10O)

3-Methylcyclopentanone (C6H10O)

6-Undecanone (C11H22O)

4-Tetradecanone (C14H28O)

4,4-Dimethyl-2-pentanone (C7H14O)

AmidesAmides or even acid amides tend to be carboxylic acid (RCOOH) derivatives, by which the particular -OH a part of the acid is replaced simply by -NH2 group. The Actual general method for organic amides is RCONH2. Amides are generally further classified directly into primary, secondary and tertiary amides, based around the variety of hydrogen atoms attached to the nitrogen atom with the practical team -CONH2. Provided here are a couple of examples regarding amides.

Examples

Hydrofluoric acid (HF)

Hydrobromic acid (HBr)

Hydroiodic acid (HI)

Hydrosulfuric acid (H2S)

Hydroselenic acid (H2Se)

KetonesKetones certainly are generally a group involving organic compounds that include the actual carbonyl team bonded for you to a pair of other carbon atoms. The Actual general method regarding ketones will be RC(=O)R', where R as well as R' can be alkyl or perhaps aryl groups. Your simplest ketone can be propanone (C3H6O), typically refe rred to as acetone. Ketones along with 1 or even more alpha-hydrogen atoms (hydrogen atom attached for the alpha carbon), exhibit the phenomenon identified since the keto-enol tautomerism. Ketones will additionally be classified as symmetrical and also asymmetrical ketones, depending about the nature in the alkyl along with aryl groups present.

Examples

Secondary Amines



In secondary amines, a pair of of the three hydrogen atoms within ammonia, are usually replaced through alkyl or perhaps aryl groups. the general method regarding secondary amines is R2NH, and consequently they are usually named as "dialkylamine". Secondary amines may be cyclic. Examples regarding secondary aliphatic amines are generally dimethylamine, ethylmethylamine, and also diethylamine, whilst an illustration regarding this secondary aromatic amines can be diphenylamine.

2-Propenenitrile (C3H3N)

Cyclobutyronitrile (C5H7N)

Benzonitrile (C7H5N)

Pentaned initrile (C5H6N2)

Adiponitrile (C6H8N2)

Cyclopentane (C5H10)

Decane (C10H22)

Isocane (C20H42)

Pentacontane (C50H102)

Hexacontane (C60H122)

Butenone or even methyl vinyl ketone (C4H6O)

Propanone or perhaps acetone (C3H6O)

Butanone (C4H8O)

Cyclopropanone (C3H4O)

1-Phenylethanone or even acetophenone (C8H8O)

Examples

If almost all 4 hydrogen atoms involving an ammonium ion are usually replaced using alkyl or aryl groups, then a quaternary ammonium salt will be formed, which can easily be ionic. Your simplest instance of this kind of salt can be tetramethylammonium chloride (CH3)4N+ Cl-. given here are several examples regarding primary, secondary, as well as tertiary amines.

Ionic compounds are generally compounds that include 1 metal ion and something or even more non-metal ions. Ionic compounds may be binary or perhaps ternary, along with both involving these kinds are genera lly explained below, together with examples pertaining to each.



Binary Ionic Compounds



Ionic compounds that will contain a couple of elements, regarding which in turn one is actually a metal along with the other is actually a non-metal, are usually known as binary ionic compounds. one illustration of this kind of compound is sodium chloride (NaCl), containing 1 sodium ion (metal) and something chloride ion (non-metal). A Lot More examples involving binary ionic compounds tend to be offered below.

EstersIn inorganic chemistry, alkalis react using acids to end up being able to form salts. Similarly, within organic chemistry, hydroxyl compounds (alcohols along with phenols) react along with oxoacids (acids in which include oxygen) to form esters. Thus, esters are usually nothing but salts involving alcohols as well as acids. The Particular most typical esters are the ones derived through carboxylic acids. Your method through which in turn carboxylic acids react along with alcohols in the presence associated with hydrochloric or sulfuric acids, will be termed as esterification. Your response necessitates the replacement of the hydroxyl (OH) group with the acid with most the alkoxy (R'O) team with the alcohol. Esters could be also formed from acid anhydrides, acyl chlorides, carboxylate salts, as well as other esters.

Examples

Inorganic compounds are usually compounds that do not contain carbon. However, you will find exceptions, which usually include compounds like carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, etc. Inorganic compounds could be classified into ionic compounds, molecular compounds, along with aqueous acids.

Ionic Compounds

Alkyl GroupAlkyl refers to the substituent or even functional team that is derived from an alkane. The idea is actually represented by R-. Your simplest alky l group is the methyl team (CH3), which is obtained through getting rid of 1 hydrogen atom through methane (CH4). Since an alkyl team is obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from your mother or father alkane, the general system regarding alkyl teams could be provided as CnH2n+1.

Similarly, we tend to be in a position to derive alkyl groups via ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, etc. the names of the couple of alkyl teams are usually offered below.

Cesium Fluoride (CsF)

Beryllium Sulfide (BeS)

Magnesium Fluoride (MgF2)

Magnesium Chloride (MgCl2)

Calcium Bromide (CaBr2)

Molecular compounds are generally compounds where a pair of or perhaps a lot more non-metal atoms form the molecule. These kinds of are also referred to as covalent compounds since the bonds involving the atoms in the molecule are covalent bonds. Molecular compounds could always be polar or even non-polar, depending about the form of your molecule, and the polarity with the bonds formed involving the constituent atoms. Here are a new handful of examples associated with molecular compounds.

Examples

Methoxybenzene or even anisole (C7H8O)

1,2-Dimethoxyethane (C4H10O2)

Oxirane or perhaps ethylene oxide (C2H4O)

Methylheptyl ether (C8H18O)

Methoxybenzene or even anisole (C7H8O)

Methoxymethane or dimethyl ether (C2H6O)

Ethoxyethane or even diethyl ether (C4H10O)

Oxolane or perhaps tetrahydrofuran (C4H8O)

1,4-Dioxane (C4H8O2)

Polyethylene glycol (C2nH4n+2On+1)

Formic acid as well as methanoic acid (CH2O2)

Acetic acid or even ethanoic acid (C2H4O2)

Butanoic acid (C4H8O2)

Pentanoic acid or valeric acid (C5H10O2)

Decanoic acid or capric acid (C10H20O2)

Aromatic HydrocarbonsAlso referred to as arenes, aromatic hydrocarbons are characterized with a six-carbon ring that has alternate C=C double bonds, separated by simply C-C single bonds. These People are usually referred for you to as aromatic hydrocarbons because nearly just about all of these compounds have a sweet scent. Benzene may be the simplest of these compounds. You can find two kinds of aromatic hydrocarbons: monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAH) and also polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH).

Examples

Tertiary Amines



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In tertiary amines, all associated with the three hydrogen atoms involving ammonia, are replaced simply by alkyl as well as aryl groups. Throughout some other words, any tertiary amine has three hydrocarbon groups attached to the nitrogen atom. Tertiary amines may be cyclic. The Actual general formula pertaining to tertiary amines is actually R3N, and therefore they are generally named as "trialkylamine". Examples are generally trimethylamine as well as triphenylamine.

Chemical compounds could be broadly classified straight into a pa ir of categories, namely, organic compounds as well as inorganic compounds. Whilst organic compounds tend to be further classified on the time frame with the useful team present, inorganic compounds are classified on the foundation involving the sort of bonds between the constituent atoms. Here we shall take a look at a few examples involving compounds below every category.

Organic Compounds

Chemical compounds are generally substances that are made up regarding atoms involving two or perhaps a lot more various elements. There are millions of recognized compounds formed through numerous elements available throughout nature. the elements combine inside a fixed ratio in order to form a particular chemical compound, and furthermore the constituent atoms tend to be held with each and every other by simply chemical bonds. Your composition or the ratio in which the actual elements are current inside the compound, plays a key role in deciding the actual properties with the com pound. The Particular compounds are usually named according towards the rules decided by the International Union of Pure along with Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).

Classification of Chemical Compounds

Sulfur Dichloride (SCl2)

Silicon tetrafluoride (SiF4)

Water (H2O)

Ammonia (NH3)

Sulfur dibromide (SBr2)

Cyclooctyne (C8H12)

1-hexyne (C6H10)

1-heptyne (C7H12)

1-decyne (C10H18)

5-cyclopropyl-1-pentyne (C8H12)

Tolyl [CH3C6H4] through toluene [CH3C6H5]

Xylyl [(CH3)2C6H3] through xylene [(CH3)2C6H4]

Methanal as well as formaldehyde (CH2O)

Ethanal as well as acetaldehyde (C2H4O)

Benzaldehyde (C7H6O)

Tolualdehyde (C8H8O)

Butanal (C4H8O)

Methylbenzene or perhaps Toluene (C7H8)

Styrene (C8H8)

Trimethylbenzene (C9H12)

Azulene (C10H8)

Anthracene (C14H10)

Ethylene glycol (C2H6O2)

Glycerol (C3H8O3)

Xylitol (C5H12O5)

Allyl alcohol (C3H6O)

Volemitol (C7H16O7)

Inositol (C6H12O6)

Examples

Lithium Fluoride (LiF)

Lithium Bromide (LiBr)

Lithium Selenide (Li2Se)

Lithium Nitride (Li3N)

Sodium Chloride (NaCl)

Examples

Lithium Hydroxide (LiH)

Sodium Nitrate (NaNO3)

Sodium Chlorate (NaClO3)

Silver Peroxide (Ag2O2)

Magnesium Carbonate (MgCO3)

Acetonitrile (C2H3N)

Propanenitrile (C3H5N)

Butanenitrile (C4H7N)

Pentanenitrile (C5H9N)

Hexanenitrile (C6H11N)

Methyl benzoate (C8H8O2)

Methyl pentanoate (C6H12O2)

Ethyl pentanoate (C7H14O2)

Benzyl acetate (C9H10O2)

Ethyl hexanoate (C8H16O2)

EthersEthers tend to be organic compounds that will include the ether group, which can easily be identified as 2 alkyl as well as aryl teams connected by simply an oxygen atom. Your general system involving eth ers can be R-O-R'. Depending in whether the alkyl or perhaps aryl teams about each facets in the oxygen atom, are similar as well as different, ethers are generally classified as easy (symmetrical) and also mixed (asymmetrical). in simple ethers, both R as well as R' would always be the same, although inside mixed ethers, R along with R' will vary alkyl as well as aryl groups. The Particular simplest ether is actually dimethyl ether, in which 2 methyl teams are connected to a oxygen atom.

Examples

AlkenesAlkenes are usually hydrocarbons getting no less than 1 C=C double bond. The Particular simplest alkene is actually ethene, by which 2 carbon atoms are generally linked with a double covalent bond. Alkenes exhibit cis-trans isomerism, and as a result are a lot more reactive when compared with alkanes. The Actual general system regarding alkenes with a single double-bond will be CnH2n, while the same regarding cyclic alkenes is actually CnH2n-2. Alkenes together with a lot much more than one double bond, are referred to become able to as polyenes.

Examples

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